Electrical Transformer Body

About Electrical Transformer Body

1. Core

• Material: Made of laminated silicon steel sheets to reduce eddy current losses.

• Shape: Usually rectangular or cylindrical, with limbs and yokes forming a closed magnetic path.

• Function: Provides a low reluctance path for the magnetic flux.

2. Windings/Coils

• Primary Winding: Connected to the input power source.

• Secondary Winding: Connected to the output (load).

• Material: Made of copper or aluminum conductors, insulated with enamel or other materials.

• Placement: Coils are wound around the limbs of the core, often layered and insulated.

3. Tank (Main Body Casing)

• Material: Mild steel or stainless steel, often painted or powder-coated for corrosion resistance.

• Shape: Box-like or cylindrical, depending on transformer size.

• Function: Encloses and protects the core and windings, filled with insulating oil for cooling and insulation.

4. Cooling System

• Oil-filled Transformers: Use mineral or synthetic oil for cooling.

• Radiators or Fins: Attached externally to dissipate heat.

• Fans and Pumps (in large units): Assist forced cooling (ONAF or OFAF cooling types).

5. Bushings

• Insulated Terminals: Allow external connections to high-voltage and low-voltage windings.

• Material: Usually porcelain or epoxy resin for insulation.

6. Conservator Tank (in oil-filled transformers)

• A small tank mounted above the main tank that holds extra insulating oil and allows for expansion during heating.

7. Breather

• Contains silica gel to absorb moisture from air entering the conservator tank.

8. Protection and Monitoring Devices

• Buchholz Relay: Detects gas buildup due to internal faults.

• Thermometers and Gauges: Monitor temperature and oil level.

• Pressure Relief Device: Vents excessive pressure to prevent explosion.

9. Base and Mounting

• Wheels or Skids: For portability.

• Earthing Terminals: Ensure safety by grounding the transformer body.